All NGOs need to fundraise. But for small grassroots NGOs who do not yet have a fundraising plan in place, it can be particularly challenging.
Here are our steps to get on the path to fundraising success.
Step 1: Know your organization’s needs
Before you even begin to research donors and apply for funding, start by examining your own wants and needs. You can’t ask for help before you know what you need help for. Review your own organization and make sure to look at:
- Where are you going to work? What country, region, town?
- What area of work are you engaged in? What problem are you trying to solve?
- What is your current budget? How much more do you need?
- When do you need funding? And for how long do you need the funding?
Based on your answers to the above questions, you will know to look for donors who:
- Work in the same country/region as you
- Work in the same program area as you
- Fund NGOs of your budget and grant size
- Match your funding and project timeline
While not all these areas will match perfectly, in Step 2 you will be able to find donors that match most and focus your efforts on those.
Step 2. Research donors that are a match for your NGO
With the questions in Step 1 answered you can start the research process. There are several good techniques to find like-minded donors:
- Check the websites and annual reports of NGOs that are doing similar work to you. See if you can find their supporters and donors. Many NGOs will list their donors on their website or annual report which are good places to start.
- Check databases and online directories. Some lists are free while others require payment or subscriptions.
- Ask partners, colleagues, and current donors for suggestions.
For small grassroots NGOs, it is important to understand donors’ priorities. Before funding you, donors need to:
- Have funding available for NGOs: Very often NGOs will mistakenly send grant requests to other NGOs, businesses, or individuals that do not provide grants. Check carefully before wasting your time and theirs.
- Have an interest in your country and your program area: You should check the donor’s website or supporting sources to find evidence of such.
- Be willing to fund small NGOs: Some donors prefer to only fund small NGOs, while others prefer to fund large INGOs. Check donor application guidelines and past giving history before applying.
- Have money to give when you need it: Many donors only release calls for proposals once a year, or otherwise have specific windows of funding opportunities. Do not send an application when it is clear the donor is not accepting them at this time.
- Be able to fund for the period required: You should know whether the donor gives grants that last for a month, a year, or multiple years. For a first-time grant, shorter project timelines are more common.
Step 3. Network and reach out to these donors before sending a proposal
- Ask the donor questions about their priorities and plans. However, do not ask basic questions you could easily learn from their website.
- Explain how your program can help them meet their priorities.
- Ask whether they would be interested in receiving additional information about your programs.
There are many small grassroots NGOs that make beginners’ mistakes at this point. When trying to reach out to donors, do not:
- Ask for funding from a donor that is not working in your country or program area
- Ask for funding from a donor that typically gives large grants to larger NGOs
- Ask for funding from a donor, without truly understanding the donor priorities
- Ask for funding from a donor without having first done the outreach
Step 4. Develop a great application
Hopefully, at this point, the donor has expressed an interest in your work and has asked you to send an application. If you were unable to network with a donor who you still think is a great fit for your organization, you may consider sending them an application as well.
In most cases, the first application should be a short concept note. Make sure you follow any instructions the donor has provided carefully. The concept note should be clear and concise, reviewed for spelling and grammar, and should fully address the problem the donor wants to solve.
For more advice on writing a concept note download our resource guide.
Step 5. Follow up and persist
Fundraising is a long-term endeavor and success does not come overnight. It will take time and effort to reach out and convince a small group of donors from the many you have researched and identified to fund your program. Don’t give up too quickly. Be persistent and spend at least a few hours each week on donor research, outreach, proposal development, and other fundraising tasks. If you are rejected, ask the donor for feedback so you can improve. Don’t give up.
